Thank you. It was a IIS configuration problem.
I had "Translate Urls in headers" checked. I removed it. Now I have a 404 error. No login page. DNS is OK, website works correctly inside.
Standalone (Portal)
Yes. I have a public address. When I click the button, my WEBCON app redirects me to an internal address.
I have it. When I try to coennect from Internet I have login page, but when I click "Azure Active Directory (AAD)" system redirects me to an internal address and I get the error.
Do I need any extra software on my Windows app Webcon server for Azure AD Application Proxy? When I use URL https://mywebconaddress.com/signin-aad I receive the error. I use manual from https://kb.webcon.pl/integracja-webcon-bps-z-azure-active-directory/